img

官方微信

高级检索

中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 225-235.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00005

• • 上一篇    

库姆塔格沙漠北部三垄沙地区砾波纹形态和表面流场

杨转玲1(), 钱广强2, 邢学刚1(), 董治宝3, 郭酉元2   

  1. 1.贵州师范学院 地理与资源学院,贵州 贵阳 550018
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.陕西师范大学 行星风沙科学研究院,陕西 西安 710119
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-16 修回日期:2025-01-08 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2025-03-26
  • 通讯作者: 邢学刚
  • 作者简介:杨转玲(1990—),女,甘肃通渭人,副教授,主要从事风沙物理与风沙地貌研究。E-mail: yangzhuanling@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42071016);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-zk〔2025〕面上076);贵州省教育厅高等学校科学研究项目(青年项目,黔教技〔2022〕249,黔教技〔2022〕250号);贵州师范学院科研项目(2021BS015)

Morphology and surface flow patterns of granule ripples in the Sanlongsha dune field of the northern Kumtagh Sand Sea

Zhuanling Yang1(), Guangqiang Qian2, Xuegang Xing1(), Zhibao Dong3, Youyuan Guo2   

  1. 1.School of Geography and Resource Science,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.Planetary Aeolian Research Institute,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China
  • Received:2024-12-16 Revised:2025-01-08 Online:2025-03-20 Published:2025-03-26
  • Contact: Xuegang Xing

摘要:

砾波纹是独特的微风沙地貌形态,气流是沙粒起动及输移的直接动力来源,对砾波纹形态塑造至关重要。探讨砾波纹形态如何影响气流结构及气流反过来如何重新塑造波纹形态,有助于揭示砾波纹形态动力学的内在机理和理解横向沙脊的形成发育过程。由于地貌尺度问题和技术手段的限制,目前缺乏砾波纹表面流场结构的精确测量。对三垄沙地区典型砾波纹的形态和表面气流进行了实地测量,分析了砾波纹的形态特征和表面气流结构,初步探讨了气流与地形之间的互馈机制。结果表明:(1)三垄沙地区砾波纹大致平行排列,两侧坡面明显不对称,波长和波高分别为3.37 m和0.18 m,RI值(波长/波高)为18.76。(2)迎风坡面气流速度逐渐增大,湍流强度依次减小,气流方向向西偏转,至波峰处与脊线接近垂直;背风坡风速较低、风向变化大且湍流强度高,气流分离,出现涡流。(3)与较高层(0.22 m)相比,贴近地表处(0.05 m)迎风坡面气流加速更剧烈,向西偏转角度更大。(4)砾波纹波长越大,波峰处风速越大,有助于粗颗粒被搬运至波峰,促进砾波纹发育,形成更大更高的波纹。

关键词: 砾波纹, 形态, 气流结构, 三垄沙

Abstract:

Granule ripples are a type of small aeolian bedform, and airflow serves as the direct source of power for the initiation and transportation of sand particles, playing a crucial role in the morphological development. Owing to the challenges of landform scale and the constraints of available technology, there is currently a lack of accurate measurements regarding the airflow structure on the surface of these dunes. This study conducted field measurements of the morphology and surface airflow of typical granule ripples in the Sanlongsha area, analyzed the morphological characteristics and surface airflow structure, and preliminarily explored the feedback mechanism between airflow and terrain. The results indicate: (1) The granule ripples are generally aligned in parallel, featuring markedly asymmetrical slopes on both sides, with a wavelength and height measuring 3.37 m and 0.18 m, respectively, and a ripple Index (RI, wavelength/height) of 18.76. (2) On the windward slope, the airflow velocity gradually increases, the turbulence intensity decreases sequentially, the airflow direction deflects to the west, and at the crest, it is nearly perpendicular to the crest line; on the leeward slope, the wind speed is lower, the wind direction changes significantly, and the turbulence intensity is high, with airflow separation and the appearance of vortices. (3) Compared to the upper level (0.22 m), the airflow on the windward slope accelerates more violently and deflects to a greater angle to the west at a closer distance near the ground (0.05 m). (4) The larger the wavelength, the greater the wind speed at the crest, which helps to transport coarser particles to the crest, promoting the development of granule ripples and the formation of larger and higher ripples. This exploration of how morphology affects airflow structure and how airflow, in turn, reshapes the granule ripple morphology, helps to reveal the intrinsic mechanisms of granule ripple morphological dynamics and understand the formation and development process of transverse ridges on Mars.

Key words: granule ripple, morphology, airflow structure, Sanlongsha

中图分类号: